中美医疗过失诉讼制度的比较及法律启示

Sino-American Medical Malpractice Litigation Institutions and Their Legal Implications

医疗过失诉讼制度有化解医疗纠纷、构建和谐医疗秩序、提高医疗质量、规范医学创新、追求司法正义和维护社会公平的独特地位和作用。分析了中美两国医疗过失诉讼制度在适用法律、医疗技术损害责任归责原则、专家鉴定制度、医疗损害赔偿标准、医疗过失诉讼制度的改革五个方面差异,主张重视对无过错责任的适用、深化替代性纠纷解决机制以及衔接、加强医疗过失诉讼制度与医疗责任保险的关系以及推进医疗损害赔偿。

Medical malpractice litigation institution has its special status and function in terms of resolving medical dispute, constructing harmonious medical order, improving medical quality, regulating medical innovation, pursuing judicial justice and safeguarding soeial equity. By analyzing the law of application, prineiples of liability fixation of medical teehnology liability damages, expert testimony institution, standard of indemnity of medical damages and reforms in medical malpractice litigation institution between China and the United States, the author drew conclusions that we should attach importance to the research of non-fault liability application, deepen the research of alternative dispute resolution, strengthen the research of relations between medical malpractice litigation institutions and medical liability insurance, and boost the research of indemnity of medical damages.