淫羊藿与其伪品——栓皮栎叶的鉴别研究

Identification of Epmedii Folium and its counterfeit leaf of Quercus variabilis

淫羊藿为常用补肝益肾中药材,近年来,其基原问题较为复杂,鉴别研究多重视药典品种或同属相关基原品种,而对其伪品的关注很少。该文在实地调查基础上,依据基原准确的淫羊藿药材和栓皮栎标本,并通过性状、显微及薄层色谱方法比较,报道了一种淫羊藿的伪品——壳斗科植物栓皮栎Quercus variabilis的干燥叶。研究发现,两者在叶脉、叶缘齿尖等性状特征,以及中脉维管束、非腺毛、表皮细胞垂周壁和草酸钙结晶等显微特征均具有明显区别;且薄层色谱斑点存在差异。研究可为淫羊藿的真伪鉴别和监督检验提供参考。

Epmedii Folium is a commonly used traditional Chinese drug, and is beneficial for the “liver” and “kidney” ＇s function in Chinese medicine. Recently, the origin of this drug is more complex. Most of the identification studies are emphasized on the spe- cies certified by the pharmacopoeia and other related species from the same genus of Epimedium, but few was emphasized on the coun- terfeit. In this paper, one counterfeit of Epmedii Folium, identified as the dried leaf of Quercus variabilis （ Fam. Fagaceae）, has been reported based on field investigation, comparing specimen of Epmedii Folium and Q. variabilis, using the macroscopic, microscopic and TLC methods. It is resulted that they could be identified clearly not only by the macroscopic features, such as the vein character and the tooth apex, but also by the microscopic features, such as the vascular bundles of the midrib, the non-glandular hair, the anticlinal wall of the epidermis cell and the calcium oxalate crystal. Furthermore their TLC chromatograms showed also difference. This study will give reference for the identification of Epmedii Folium and the related supervision and inspection work.