《备急千金要方》治疗颜面损美性疾病用药规律初探

Primary Exploration of the Drugs Use Law in Important Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces for Emergency for Treating Facial Beauty-Damaging Disease

目的:通过对《备急千金要方》治疗颜面损美性疾病80首方剂药物规律研究,分析孙思邈治疗颜面损美性疾病的用药特点。方法:以《备急千金要方·卷六·七窍病·面药第九》治疗颜面损美性疾病80首方剂为研究对象,对方剂的用药、剂型、性味归经、功效等进行统计分析,统计分析方剂中药物的使用频次、性味、归经、功效、剂型、治法等。结果:白芷使用频次最高,其次是白附子、酒、川芎等;药物归经以脾胃经和肺经为主,肝经次之;温性药物较多,甘、辛二味占多数;所用药物多有祛风、燥湿、利水、化痰、散寒、活血、行气、通经等功效;用糊剂进行敷涂为主要治疗方法。结论:颜面损美性疾病发病在浅表皮肤,多属肌肤失养,可从肺脾论治,可用甘温、辛温药物治疗,取其温经通络、调达气血之意,使用糊剂有利于药物吸收,且保护创面、维持皮肤湿度。

Objective ：To study the drugs use law in Important Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces for Emergency for treating facial beauty-damaging disease and analyze Sun Simiao＇s drug use features for treating facial beauty-damaging disease. Methods： 80 fbrmulas in Important Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces for Emergency： Vnlume Six ： Seren Orifices Diseases：The Ninth of Facial Drugs were cbosen as the research object. The drugs use, formula forms, properties, flavors, meridian tropism and the ac- tions of the formulas were analyzed, so were the use frequencies, properties ,flavors, meridian tropism, the actions, forms and treat- ment method of the drugs within the formulas. Results：The drug of the highest use frequency was Baizhi（ Radix Augelicae Dahuri- cae） ,followed by Baifuzi （Rhizoma Typhoni）, wine, Chnanxiong（ Rhizoma Chuanxiong）. The drugs used mainly pertained to the meridians of spleen ,slomach and lung, then the liver meridian. Most of the drugs were warm in property and sweet and pungeut in flavor. All the drugs had the actions of expelling wind ,drying dampness,inducing diuresis, resolving phlegm,dispelling cold ,acti- vating blond and qi flow,and dredging the meridians. The chief fnrm was paste used for topical spreading. Conclusion ：The location of facial beauty-damaging disease mainly lies in the superficial skin and due to malnurishment of the skin. The treatment can be started from the lung and spleen with the drugs sweet and warm or pungent and warm in property for the purpose of warming the meridians anti dredging the collaterals, smoothing the qi and blood flow. The form of paste is favorable for the absorption of drugs, protection of the injury surface and maintenance of the skin dampness.