地质力学的基本特征、成就和问题

CHARACTERISTICS,ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROBLEMS ON GEOMECHANICS

论述了地质力学这一我国独立建立的地质学科形成的背景、基本特征、主要成就和存在问题,指出:地质力学是在地质学三大论战,特别是大陆漂移学说影响下,独辟蹊径提出的;地质力学有4个基本特征,即3个立论依据,9个基本概念,7个研究步骤,4个基本观点(本质的、联系的、发展的和实践的)。全面论述了地质力学10个理论方面、5个技术方法和5个生产实践方面的突出成就。地质力学存在的突出问题:本质上被裹挟于"固定论"泥潭中,在认识新发现和接纳新观念上裹足不前;古构造时期鉴别上存在重大误区,过分强调了造山带的"长期继承活动";深部地质和全球海洋地质研究十分薄弱等。因此,解放思想、与时俱进和走向全球是它当前3个紧迫任务。

Geomechanics, which is a separate geological discipline, established by our China. Its background, characteristics, achievements are briefly introduced and some problems are proposed as well in this paper. Based on the influence of Geology Three Great Debates, especially for Continental Drift Theory, geomechanics is newly developed four basic characteristics include three theoretical foundations, nine basic concepts, seven research steps, and four basic viewpoints （ essential, relevant, developmental, practical viewpoints） . The paper discusses some outstanding achievements on the geomechanics, such as ten theoretical aspects, five technique methods, and five practice applications. Finally, some obvious problems are pointed out, for example, the geomechanics falls into “fixed theory” constraints; it refuses to go further because of not adopting new ideas; it overemphasizes the orogenic zone ’s long.termed succession activities to cause some great mistakes in identification of ancient tectonic periods; it imperfectly resolve some problems of deep geology and global oceanic geology. In a word, the geomechanics only emancipates the mind, advances with the times and faces to the globe could develop further.