电子束辐照对烤烟化学成分的影响

Effects of Electron Beam Irradiation on Chemical Components of Flue-Cured Tobacco

采用电子束辐照技术对烤烟烟叶进行处理,探讨其对烟叶化学成分的影响。结果表明,1-7 k Gy剂量的电子束辐照没有影响初烤烟叶中还原糖和总糖的含量,但显著影响了烟碱、总氮、石油醚提取物的含量以及糖碱比、氮碱比等化学指标;1-7 k Gy剂量的电子束辐照对复烤烟叶中的还原糖、总糖、烟碱、总氮、石油醚提取物含量以及氮碱比等化学指标无显著影响,〉3 k Gy剂量的电子束辐照对复烤烟叶的糖碱比有一定的影响;而〉1 k Gy剂量的电子束辐照就能有效控制烟叶霉变。因此,采用电子束辐照技术对初烤烟叶进行杀菌防霉是不可行的,而对复烤烟叶是可行的。

Effects of different dosages of electron beam irradiation on chemical components of flue-cured tobacco leaves were studied. The results showed that 1 to 7 kGy did not significantly changes the reducing sugar and total sugars of green leaves. Nicotine, total nitrogen, petroleum ether extract, the ratio of reducing sugar to nicotine and total nitrogen-to-nicotine ratio of the irradiated samples were significantly changed. The reducing sugar and total sugars, nicotine, total nitrogen, petroleum ether extract and the ratio of total nitrogen to nicotine of redried tobacco were not significantly changed by 1 to 7 kGy irradiation. The ratio of reducing sugar to nicotine increased significantly compared to the control with irradiation at a dose 〉3 kGy. A dose up to 1 kGy was effective for the fungal decontamination of redried tobacco. It is not feasible to use electron beam irradiation to sterilize predried tobacco but feasible for redried tobacco.