论《周易》之“象”

On “Sign” in Zhou Yi

在《周易》中,"象"是"道"的显现,圣人由直观之"象"可以实现对形而上之"道"的体悟。并且,圣人通过效法万物之象而创设卦象,由卦象这种符号系统对"道"进行阐说。象虽直观却不同于形,它表现为"未形"之"几"的动态存在。象是整体情境中的象,它存在于整体境象中。简言之,《周易》之象具有直观性、动态性、整体性、形上性等特征。《周易》之象与中国文学艺术之象有很多类似或相通之处,它构成了文学艺术之象的直接渊源。

In Zhou Yi, ＂ sign＂ is the manifestation of ＂ Tao＂. Sages can comprehend the metaphysical ＂Tao＂ through the visual sign. Furthermore, sages created symbols of the divinatory diagrams by emulating representations in the cosmos. Sign is direct; but it differs from ＂form＂ in the sense that sign is a dynamic existence of the unformed form-＂ Ji＂ Sign is an expression against the holistic context, which it is an integral part, To put it simply, sign in Zhou Yi exhibits properties of the visual, dynamic, holistic and metaphysical. Sign in Zhou Yi is similar to sign in Chinese literature and art; the former plays an important role in the rising and development of the latter.