大连市2010-2013年手足口病流行病学监测分析

Hand,foot and mouth disease epidemiology monitoring analysis of Dalian city during 2010-2013

目的 研究大连市2010-2013年手足口病流行病学特点,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法 采用PCR-荧光探针法进行粪便标本的检测;采用Excel电子表格进行资料整理及SPSS 13.0进行数据分析。结果 2010-2013年共检测标本1 902份。2010-2013年的手足口病核酸检测阳性率分别为82.49%（292/354）、42.69%（73/171）、72.79%（452/621）、74.47%（562/756）,合计为72.56%（1 379/1 902）。经显著性检验（χ2=95.23,P﹤0.05）,差异有统计学意义。2010及2011年核酸检测以EV 71型为主,2012及2013年核酸检测以Cox A16型为主。大连市手足口病阳性者男/女比例为1.63∶1,年龄以1~5岁学龄前儿童为主,6~9月份为高发季节,金州新区、甘井子区、沙河口区、瓦房店为大连手足口病高发地区。结论 大连市手足口病的发病有明显的人群、地域、时间差异,在流行季节,针对托幼机构等重点场所积极展开健康教育能减少感染机会,控制手足口病的流行。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of hand- foot- mouth disease （HFMD） in Dalian city during 2010 - 2013, to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control strategy. Methods Test the stool specimens with PCR - fluorescent probe method ; Using the Excel spreadsheet data compila- tion and SPSS13.0 for data analysis. Results Specimens of the 1902 cases from 2010 to 2013 were tested. In 2010 - 2013, the testing positive rate of HFMD nucleic acid were 82. 49% （292/354）, 42.69% （73/171）, 72.79% （452/621）, and 74. 47% （562/756） respectively; Combined was 72.56% （1379/1902） . By sig- nificance test （X2 = 95.23, P 〈 0. 05）, the difference was statistically significant. The major enterovirus was EV71 in 2010 and 2011 , The major enterovirus was Coxl6 in 2012 and 2013 . The male/female ratio is 1.63 in Dalian city , HFMD mainly occurred in children, aging from 1 - 5 years old , June to September were the peak season of occurrence of HFMD, Jinzhou new area, Ganjingzi district, Shahekou district , and Wafangdian were high - risk areas of Dalian. Conclusions There was significant difference among different populations, areas and genders, during the peak season, health education for key places including kindergar- tens is very important for reducing infection opportunity, to control the epidemiology of HFMD.