梅州地区儿童社区获得性肺炎中肺炎嗜衣原体的流行特征

The epidemic characteristics of the infection of Chlamydophila pneumoniae in children with community acquired pneumonia in Meizhou area

目的分析梅州地区儿童社区获得性肺炎中肺炎嗜衣原体感染的流行情况。方法对2013年2月~2014年1月梅州地区社区获得性肺炎患儿均留取咽拭子和血清标本;采用巢氏PCR法检测患儿咽拭子标本中的Cpn主要外膜蛋白基因片段;采用ELISA检测患儿血清中Cpn-Ig M;以上两项检验中一项为阳性即确认为Cpn感染阳性样本。结果 986例患儿中确认为Cpn感染的有143例,阳性率为14.5%;〉6岁组感染率最高为28.12%,并与其它组差异有统计学意义;四季均可发病,冬季感染率最高为20.80%,与其它季组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;巢氏PCR法检出率高于ELISA检测Cpn-Ig M法,但两者一致率较高,差异实际意义不大。结论梅州地区儿童社区获得性肺炎中肺炎嗜衣原体感染好发于冬春季节,感染率男女患儿之间无显著差异,随着年龄的增加,感染率随之增高。

Objective To investigate infection of Chlamydophila pneumoniae（Cpn） in children with community acquiredpneumonia（CAP） in Meizhou area. Methods Throat swabs and serum samples were taken from Children with CAP from^2013 February to 2014 January in Meizhou area; the major outer membrane protein（omp A） gene of Cpn in throat swabs wasdetected by nested polymerase chain reaction（n PCR）; serum Cpn-Ig M was detected by ELISA and the positive detected byeither of the above two tests was taken as positive specimens with Cpn infection. Results The 143 out of the 986 sickchildren were confirmed as positive cases infected with Cpn with a positive rate of 14.5%. The infection rate of those aged from6 to12 years was as high as 28.12%,showing significant difference compared with other age groups. Cpn infections wererecorded in all the four seasons and the infection rate in winter was 20.80%,showing significant difference compared to otherseasons（P〈0.05）. The positive rate of Cpn infection detected by n PCR was higher than ELISA and the accordance of the twotests was high although without significant difference. Conclusion Cpn can infect children in all the four seasons,it wasmore common in winter in Meizhou area and the infection rate of Cpn was higher in children aged above twelf years.