河南省2009～2013年疟疾流行特征及趋势分析

Analysis of prevalent characteristics and trends of malaria in Henan Province from 2009 to 2013

目的分析河南省近5年疟疾的流行特征,探讨发病趋势,为科学制定防治策略提供依据。方法从国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统中收集整理河南省2009~2013年的疟疾疫情数据及所有相关的病例信息,用描述流行病学方法分析疟疾病例在时间、地区和人群中的分布特点。结果 2009~2013年间全省共发生疟疾3 189例,年均发病率为0.68/10万,年发病数总体呈递减趋势,但输入性疟疾所占比例逐年增多,且感染类型更为复杂。2009~2010年,15个高发县（区）的病例占绝大多数,近三年疟疾发病逐渐呈现点状散发状态;全年均有疟疾病例发生,但2010年以前疟疾流行季节性特征明显,病例多集中在流行季节的5~10月,近三年没有明显的季节高峰,全年发病水平平稳;人群分布上,男女性别比为2.16：1（2 179：1 010）,30~59岁年龄组发病人数最多,占病例总数的52.78%,农民为主。结论河南省近5年疟疾发病人数逐年下降,疫情稳定,但输入性疟疾形势严峻,加大宣传力度,强化技术培训,做好流动人口管理,应作为今后疟疾防治工作的重点。

Objective To analyze the prevalent characteristics of malaria in Henan Province in 2009~2013, and providethe scientific basis for developing control strategies. Methods The data of malaria surveillance and incidence in Henanprovince from 2009 to 2013 were collected through＂China information system for disease control and prevention V2＂andanalyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods. Results From 2009- 2013, 3 189 malaria cases were reported. Theaverage annual malaria incidence rate was 0.68/100 000. The annual malaria incidence was decreased, but the proportion ofimported malaria was increasing year by year, and the type of infection was more complex. Before 2010, most cases werereported from 15 malaria endemic areas concentrated from May to October. However, in recent three years the incidence ofmalaria was without obvious seasonal peak and 52.78% of the infections occurred to the middle-aged group from 30 to 59 yearsold. The ratio of male and female was 2.16：1（2 179：1 010）,and the infection population were mostly peasants. Conclusions Malaria cases had been dropped gradually, but the nubmer imported malaria cases had been increased obviously in HenanProvince in the last five years. Malaria control in the future be focused on expanding propaganda, intensification of technicaltraining and management of mobile population.