宜州市2005～2013年乙型肝炎流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis on viral hepatitis B in Yizhou city from 2005 to 2013

目的分析2005~2013年宜州市乙型病毒性肝炎（乙肝）流行病学特征,为制定有效的防控措施提供依据。方法 2005~2013年宜州市乙肝疫情资料来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统网络直报的乙肝个案资料,应用描述流行病学方法进行流行病学特征分析。结果 2005~2013年宜州市共报告乙肝病例4 147例,年均发病率为71.77/10万,发病率总体呈逐年下降趋势,发病无明显季节性。病例集中在15~49岁年龄组,占总病例数的78.39%（3 251/4 147）,男性发病率高于女性（P〈0.01）,职业以农民为主,占66.05%（2 739/4 147）。庆远镇报告病例数最多。结论宜州市乙肝发病以青壮年男性农民为主;应实施综合性防控措施,尤其要加强健康教育,开展高发人群乙肝疫苗接种,进一步降低乙肝的感染率。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological feature of viral hepatitis B（hepatitis B） of Yizhou city from 2005 to2013 and provide basis for making efficient prevention and control measures. Method Data of hepatitis B cases in Yizhoucity was collected from China Information System of Disease Control and Prevention and analyzed by descriptiveepidemiological analysis. Results A total of 4 147 hepatitis B cases were reported in Yizhou city during 2005 to 2013,withan annual morbidity of 71.77/100 000.The incidence presented a decreasing trend generally and no distinctive seasonaldistribution was observed during this period. Most patients were among the age group of 15-49 years, accounting for 78.39%（ 3 251/4 147）of all cases. The incidence of male was significantly higher than that of female（P〈0.01）.The hepatitis B mainlyoccurred among famers（66.5%,2 739/4 147） and most cases concentrated in Qingyuan town. Conclusion The majority ofhepatitis B in Yizhou were young male farmers. Comprehensive prevention and control measures, including health educationand vaccinations against hepatitis B among the high-risk groups, should be developed to reduce the occurrence of HBV.