广西灌阳县1951～2013年疟疾防治效果分析

Results of malaria control in Guanyang county of Guangxi during 1951-2013

目的分析灌阳县1951~2013年疟疾防治效果,为制定疟疾防控措施提供依据。方法收集灌阳县1951~2013年疟疾病原学、血清学监测等数据,进行统计分析。结果灌阳县50~60年代为间日疟和恶性疟高度流行区,50年代共报告病例18 747例,年均发病率144.63/万;60年代共报告疟疾病例1 133例,年均发病率为6.14/万;70年代后疟疾疫情日趋平缓。50年代有96.67%的病例为临床诊断病例,60年代疟疾病例全部为临床诊断病例,1972年以后再无临床诊断病例。到1980年后再无本地病例报告。1980年开始报告输入性疟疾病例38例,80年代报告475例,年均发病率为1.92/万;90年代报告96例,年均发病率为0.36/万;2001~2013年共报告输入性疟疾病例50例,年均发病率为0.13/万;2006年起无输入性疟疾病例报告。输入性病例感染来源主要为云南,海南、贵州、广东次之,2003年以后输入性病例来源转为以国外缅甸、越南国家为主;病例所从事工种以种植为主,挖矿、伐木次之。结论灌阳县当地疟疾流行得到有效控制,加强流动人口疟疾监测与管理是巩固疟防成果的关键。

Objective To analyze the results of malaria control in Guanyang County during 1951~2013 in order toprovide a basis for formulating control strategies. Methods The data of malaria surveillance and control in Guanyang countyin 1951~2013 were collected and statistically analyzed. Results Plasmodium vivax malaria and Plasmodium falciparummalaria were highly endemic in Guangyang country from 1950 s to 1960 s.A total of 18 747 cases were reported in 1950 s withan average annual incidence 144.63/10 000,and 1 133 cases were reported in 1960 s with an average annual incidence rate of6.50/10 000;Malaria epidemic situation gradually flatten in 1970 s, 96.67% cases in 1950 s were clinically diagnosed, in 1960 sall malaria cases were clinically diagnosed, no clinically diagnosed cases were reported since 1972 and no local malaria casewere reported since 1980.Thirth-eight imported malaria cases were reported in 1980, 475 cases was reported in 1980 s with anannual incidence rate of 1.92/10 000. Ninety-six cases were reported in 1990 s with an annual incidence rate of 0.36/10 000.Fifty imported malaria cases were reported from 2001 to 2013 with an annual incidence of 0.13/10 000.No imported malariacases was reported since 2006 and the imported cases were mainly from regions of Yunnan, Hainan, Guizhou and Guangdong.After 2003 the imported malaria cases were mainly from Myanma, Vietnam among the populations of cultivating, mininglumbering. Conclusion The prevalence of malaria in Guanyang County has been effectively controlled and to strengthen thesurveillance of floating population is the key measures for consolidating achievements in malaria control.