杂交狼尾草青贮饲喂肉猪效果研究

Effects of feeding hybrid Pennisetumsilage on commercial hog production

本试验旨在研究利用酶制剂青贮杂交狼尾草,对牧草品质和肉猪饲喂效果的影响。选用150头100日龄体重50kg杜长大三元肉猪。实验分5个处理,每个处理3次重复,每个重复10头。对照组(CK)饲喂基础日粮;处理Ⅰ饲喂基础日粮,同时饲喂添加麦麸的杂交狼尾草青贮料;处理Ⅱ饲喂基础日粮,同时饲喂添加麦麸和纤维素酶青贮的杂交狼尾草青贮料;处理Ⅲ饲喂基础日粮,同时饲喂添加麦麸和纤维素菌液青贮的杂交狼尾草青贮料;处理Ⅳ饲喂基础日粮,同时饲喂添加麦麸和乳酸菌青贮的杂交狼尾草青贮料。结果表明,处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ与CK相比平均日增重差异不显著(P>0.05),但平均日增重绝对值分别比CK提高了2.3%,8.6%,4.4%和2.2%,精料肉比分别降低了9.7%,14.9%,11.4%和9.5%,经济效益分别提高了11.34%,36.03%,21.60%和14.03%。4组饲喂杂交狼尾草青贮料的肉猪与CK相比会适当降低肉猪屠宰率,显著提高肉猪的背膘厚,肉猪的板油重、胃重呈增加的趋势,大肠重量差异不显著,小肠重量和长度则变短变轻,且增加肉质颜色等品质。说明利用纤维素降解菌可以提高牧草青贮品质,提高肉猪饲喂效果和经济效益。

This study investigated silage quality and its feeding effect on market pigs by adding enzymes prepa- rations to hybrid Pennisetum silage. 150 Duroc-Landrace-Yorkshire pigs （100 days old, 50 kg body weight） were divided into five groups （a control group and four experimental groups I--IV）. Each group had three rep- licates of 10 pigs. Pigs in the control group were fed only a basal diet, while pigs in the experimental groups were fed as follows： （1） I was fed basal diet＋wheat bran＋hybrid Pennisetum silage; （2） Ⅱ was fed basal diet＋wheat bran＋hybrid Pennisetum silage treated by cellulose; （3） Ⅲ was fed basal diet＋wheat bran%hy- brid Pennisetum silage treated by cellulose bacterium fluid; and （4） Ⅳ was fed basal diet＋wheat bran＋hybrid Pennisetum silage treated by Lactobacillus. The results revealed no significant differences between the control and four experimental groups in average daily weight gain. However, the experimental groupsⅠ Ⅱ , Ⅲ and IV showed respectively 2.3 %, 8.6 %, 4.4 % and 2.2 % higher absolute average daily gains than the control group. The concentrated feed conversion ratios were respectively 9.7%, 14.9%, 11.4% and 9.5% less in the four ex- perimental groups compared with the control, which accounted for economic benefit increases in the order of 11.3%, a6.0%, 21. 6% and 14.0% respectively. Results also indicated that feeding silage can reduce the length and weight of the small intestine, while increasing back fat thickness, meat color~ and the weight of flare fat and stomach, and having no effect on the weight of the large intestine. The results thus indicate that cellulose-decomposing micro-organisms can improve silage quality, with the increased feeding value for pigs bringing economic benefits.