植物根系呼吸研究方法及影响因素研究进展

Review of methodology and factors influencing plant root respiration

植物根系呼吸是土壤呼吸的主要组成部分,与陆地生态系统碳循环和气候变化密切相关。根呼吸的研究对生态系统碳收支及生物圈碳平衡有重要意义。植物根呼吸受环境及生物等多种因素影响,根呼吸速率及其对土壤总呼吸的贡献在不同生态系统有较大的差异性。根呼吸的测定主要通过离体根法、同位素法及PVC管气室法等直接方法和排根法、计算法等间接方法进行测定或估算。植物根呼吸主要受土壤温度、湿度、养分及根直径、根级、根生物量及菌根等因素影响。本文从根呼吸主要研究方法和影响根呼吸因素两方面对已有的研究进行简要的综述,旨在为植物根呼吸研究提供理论依据,并根据目前的研究现状,对相关内容进行展望。

Plant root respiration is the dominant component of total soil respiration, which in turn lated to the carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystems and a significant factor in global climate change. is closely re- Research fo- cused on plant root respiration is critical for understanding ecosystem carbon budgets and the biosphere^s car- bon balance. Root respiration is affected by both environmental and biotic factors. Root respiration rates and their contribution to soil respiration varies greatly in different ecosystems. The main methodologies in research on root respiration include direct measurement （such as isolated methods/in vitro root methods, isotopic meth- ods and cuvette methods） and indirect methods （such as the root exclusion method and calculation method）. Plant root respiration is affected by soil temperature and humidity, nutrition condition and root size, root or- der, root hiomass and root mycorrhiza. This paper reviews the various methodologies and factors held to influ- ence plant root respiration in order to provide the basic theory needed for subsequent research. Future research directions are also suggested.