肥西县15岁以上居民高血压流行特征及影响因素分析

Epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of hypertension among residents over 15 years old in Feixi county

目的了解肥西县居民高血压的流行特征,分析高血压患病的影响因素,为预防和控制高血压提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法抽取7 030名15岁以上的居民,通过问卷调查和体格检查获取高血压的流行特征及其相关资料,采用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果肥西县15岁以上居民高血压患病率22.0%,男女间高血压患病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.941,P<0.01);随着血压分类级别的升高患病率逐渐降低,Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级高血压占高血压总人数的96.7%;人群高血压患病率与年龄呈正相关,而与文化程度呈负相关(P<0.01);肥西县居民高血压的危险因素主要为吸烟、口味重、睡眠差、超重与肥胖等。结论肥西县15岁以上居民高血压患病率较高,针对影响因素开展健康教育,对预防高血压具有重要意义。

Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension in Feixi county,analyze its risk factors and provide the evidence for prevention and control of hypertension. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to select 7030 residents aged or over 15 years old in feixi county. Data of hypertension and related information was got by investiga- tion and physical examination. SPSS 17.0 was used for statistic analysis. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 22. 0%. The rate of hypertension was higher significantly among males than females（ P 〈0.01 }. The rate of hypertension in the population decreased with increasing the grade of blood pressure levels. 96.7% of hypertension patients were in grade 1 and grade 2 hypertension. The incidence of hypertension among the population had a positive relationship with age , and a nega- tive relationship with the level of education attainment （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Smoking, high salt, poor quality of sleep, less physical, overweight and obesity were the risk factors for hypertension in feixi county. Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension among residents aged or over 15 years old in Feixi county was relatively high. Health education targeted at influencing fac- tors plays an important role in the prevention of hypertension.