安徽省2000~2012年人间狂犬病流行特征分析

The study on epidemiological characteristics of rabies from 2000 to 2012 in Anhui province

目的分析2000~2012年安徽省人间狂犬病流行特征,探索该病在安徽省的流行规律,为针对性防控策略的提出提供理论依据。方法收集安徽省2000~2012年人间狂犬病疫情资科,采用Excel 2007和Map Info 9.5软件对其流行动态和分布特征进行分析。结果安徽省2000~2012年共报告人间狂犬病病例972例;7~10月为高发月份,占发病总数的44.2%;疫情由南向北蔓延至全省,以沿淮淮北地区为主;病例以农民、学生和散居儿童为主,分别占病例总数的66.0%、17.2%和6.3%;病例男女性别比为2.1：1,以儿童和老年人发病率较高。结论安徽省人间狂犬病以沿淮淮北地区发病较高,农村是狂犬病防控的重点地区,儿童和老年人是重点人群,应加强该地区的犬只管理和人群暴露后免疫,提高居民预防意识。

Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of rabies in Anhui province from 2000 to 2012 and provide evidence for rabies prevention and control. Methods Collecting and analyzing the data about human rabies occurred during 2000 - 2012 by Excel 2007 and Maplnfo 9.5. Results A total of 972 eases of human rabies were reported from 2000 to 2012. The epidemic peak appeared from July to October accounting for 44.2% of total cases. Rabies spread from the south to the north and then mainly occurred in the northern area. The cases were mainly farmers { 66.0% ） , students （ 17.2% ） and scattered children （ 6.3% ） respectively. The sex ratio of male to female was 2.1 ： 1. The higher in- cidence of disease was found in children and elder people. Conclusion The northern area was the epidemic one with high- er incidence in Anhui province. The rural area was mostly affected, and children and the elder were the increased risk groups for rabies. Effective measures should be adopted for enhancing the management of dogs and immunization after exposure.