论《淮南子》的医学观

On the Medical Outlook of Huainanzi

《淮南子》作为西汉时期的思想巨著,蕴含着丰富的医学内容,其医学观有三点值得关注:一是大小宇宙论。天人皆由气构成,二者有类似的结构,可以互相贯通,因此人体小宇宙应当顺应天地大宇宙,顺天法道。二是气候与健康的关系。气候会导致人体的脏腑、经络、气血等的变化,从而影响到人体的健康,所以人应当顺时养生。三是环境与疾病有关联。不同的地理环境会产生不同的疾病,不同区域的人亦有不同的体质,因此在诊治疾病时,应注意因地制宜。

As a voluminous masterpiece of thoughts in the Han Dynasty, Huainanzi is abundant with medical content. There are three medical viewpoints worth attention. The first is the micro and macro cosmology： The heaven and humans are both made up of vital energy, which have similar struc- tures and are accessible to each other; the micro cosmos of human bodies should accord the macro cos- mos of heaven and earth and follow the law of the heaven. The second is the relationship between cli- mate and health： The climate can cause changes in human internals, meridian lines of vital energy, vital energy and blood, etc. that in turn affects the health of human bodies; therefore, humans should accord the times in regimen. The third is the relevance of the environment and diseases： Different geographic environments will cause different diseases and people of different areas have different physiques; there- fore, one should take account of local conditions in the treatment of diseases.