论促进家庭暴力认定的证据机制——以诉讼行为的激励作用为视角

Research on the Evidential Mechanism Facilitating Fact-Finding of Domestic Violence:Perspective from the Incentives of Litigation Behavior

人类的行为可以分为基本行为和诉讼行为,两者相互影响、相互作用。诉讼行为对基本行为具有激励作用,能够促进和改善人们的基本行为。为了通过诉讼行为遏制和减少家庭暴力,考虑到家庭暴力案件"证据少""证明难"的特点,应当通过一系列证据机制来强化司法裁判中对家庭暴力行为的认定,包括强化证据固定、证据范围拓宽、证明责任减轻、证明标准降低等。在重视家庭暴力案件证据规则特殊性的背景下,我国反家庭暴力立法中的证据规范应作相应调整。

Human＇ s behaviors can be divided into two kinds： primary behavior and litigation behavior, both influencing and interacting with each other. Especially, the latter shall promote and impose incentives upon the former. At most cases of domestic violence, the evidence is quite limited and it shall be difficult for the victims to prove the domestic violence acts. Taking into account of those features in the domestic violence cases, in order to contain and reduce the occurrence of domestic violence,legislation should strengthen the fact -finding of domestic violence through a series of evidential mechanisms, including strengthening evidence fixing, broadening the range of evidence, mitigating the burden of proof and decreasing the standard of proof. Considering the particularity of evidence rules in domestic violence cases, anti -domestic violence legislation in China should be amended accordingly.