2009—2014年成都市生活饮用水突发污染事件分析

Analysis of drinking water contamination emergencies in Chengdu during 2009-2014

目的掌握成都市生活饮用水污染突发染事件发生情况。方法收集成都市2009—2014年生活饮用水突发事件并进行分析。结果生活饮用水污染事件26起,发病案例4起(占15.4%);生物性污染占11.5%,化学性污染占50.0%,混合性污染占38.5%。自然灾害导致的饮用水污染占23.1%,污水倒流入供水设施占15.4%,工业及生活污染占19.2%,涉水产品不合格、人为因素(倾倒废弃物)各占7.7%,交通事故、自来水管网与其他管网相接、消毒设备故障消毒副产物污染各占3.8%。结论成都市生活饮用水突发污染事件主要发生在春、夏季节,大多集中在农村小型集中供水,化学性污染为主,人为因素是主要原因。

Objective To know the drinking water contamination emergencies of Cbengdu, Sichuan. Methods The data of drinking water contamination emergencies of Chengdu during 2009-2014 were collected to do the statistic analysis. Results Among 26 drinking water contamination emergencies, four of them caused human diseases. As to the origin of these emergencies, chemical pollutions accounted for 50%,while biological pollutions accounted for 11.5%, mixed pollutions caused 38.5% of the pollutions. Nature disaster-related water contaminations accounted for 23.1% of the pollution, 15.4% of the pollutions were caused by flowing back of sewage water, the pollution of industrial and domestic waste contributed 19.2%,and water facilities unqualified, human dumping waster accounted for 7.7% for each, traffic accidents, wrong connection of tap water network, failure of disinfection equipment caused 3.8% of all pollutions for each. Conclusion Drinking water contamination emergencies of Chengdu mainly occur in spring and summer, most of which occurred in rural areas. The main cause of water contamination is human activities, the main water contaminants are chemicals.