宛麦18的生理特性及其与产量性状的关系

Physiological Properties and Their Relations with Yield Characters of Wanmai 18

为了解小麦品种宛麦18高产的原因,以周麦22、内麦988和新麦19为对照,在高产麦田对宛麦18的生理特性及产量构成进行了研究。结果表明,宛麦18在灌浆期具有较高的叶面积指数、较稳定的净光合速率和灌浆速率,并且光合功能期长。宛麦18具有较多的次生根,根系吸收功能较强,营养物质积累量大。宛麦18较内麦988和新麦19相比分别增产21.3%和22.9%,差异达到显著水平。宛麦18的有效穗数和穗粒数与3个对照差异不显著,但千粒重显著高于内麦988和新麦19。说明生育后期较高的灌浆速率、光合性能、根系活力是宛麦18有较大千粒重,进而获得高产的重要原因。

In order to understand the reason of high yield for wheat variety Wanmai 18,it was planted in the high yield field, and the physiological characteristics and yield components were investigated, taking Zhoumai 22, Neimai 988, and Xinmai 19 as the control varieties. The results showed that Wanmai 18 had higher leaf area index, more stable net photosynthetic rate and grain filling rate, and longer photosynthetic function duration. Wanmai 18 had more secondary roots and stronger absorptive function, so it accumulated more nutrients. The yield of Wanmai 18 was significantly higher than that of Neimai 988 and Xinmai 19 by 21.3% and 22.9%, respectively. There were no significant differ- ences in spike number per hectare and grain number per spike between Wanmai 18 and CKs, but the 1 000 grain weight of Wanmai 18 was significantly higher than that of Neimai 988 and Xinmai 19. The study suggested that Wanmai 18 had high yield for big grain weight due to its excellent grain filling rate, photosynthetic rate and root activity at the late growth stage.