城乡基础设施融资可持续性比较

The Comparison of Urban and Rural Infrastructure Financing Sustainability

农村公共品供给不足长期困扰着我国地方政府,这一问题已经步入了技术主义难以解决的现实困境,需要在经济思想和理论上有所创新。本文从城乡对比的视角出发,将基础设施融资机制置于"自生融资能力"理论框架下,来探寻维持融资可持续性的内在机理,指出了影响城乡基础设施融资的四大因素。针对税收分权、土地财政、公共品资本化效应、转移支付等影响因素的特征,提出了保障农村基础设施建设可持续性的措施:构建"城乡一体化"公共品供给市场、激活农村土地资本活力以及妥善处理现有的土地财政与地方债务问题。

The resolution of the issue that local governments have been obsessed by the inadequate supply of public goods in rural areas for a long time, is put in a tight spot in the technique aspect, but the creation in the economic theory may break through the impasse. On the basis of the comparison of the differences between urban and rural public infrastructure investment, this paper uses the ＇ self-financing capacity＇ theory to analyze the infrastructure financing mechanism and explore the internal nrle to maintain financial sustainability. The study shows that there are four factors that mainly affect urban and rural infrastructure fi- nancing, which include tax decentralization, land finance, capitalization of public goods and transfer payment. On the ground of the characteristics of the four factors, measures to guarantee the sustainability of the rural infrastructure construction is proposed ： set up a public goods supply market of urban-rural integration ; activate the rural land capital ; properly handle the existing land fi- nance and local debt issues.