论周作人与武者小路实笃“新村主义”的异同

On the Difference and Similarity of “New Village”Idea between Zhou Zuoren and Mushakoji Saneatsu

周作人的"新村主义"思想深受武者小路实笃的影响,但又与其有很多不同。在"争"与"存"相对立的发展观上,武者小路实笃的"新村主义"偏重于"存",但并未否认同类内部和异类之间的"争",比较而言周作人的"新村主义"则更偏重于"存";在"利己"与"兼爱"相对立的平等观上,武者小路实笃的"新村主义"偏重于"利己",比较而言周作人的"新村主义"则更偏重于"兼爱";在"封闭性"与"开放性"相对立的过渡观上,武者小路实笃的"新村主义"既有"封闭性"又有"开放性",但偏重于"封闭性",与武者小路实笃相比,周作人的"新村主义"在程度上更偏重于"封闭性"。这表明周作人在介绍武者小路实笃的"新村主义"思想的同时,又对其进行了本土化的改造,其目的是为了适应当时的社会,使"新村主义"在中国得到更好的传播。

The ＂New Village＂ idea of Zhou Zuoren bears a deep influence and difference from that of Mushakoji Saneatsu. As for the pair of development concept ＂fight＂ and ＂keep＂, Mushakoji Saneatsu put emphasis on ＂keep＂ but didn＇t deny the ＂fight＂ inside group and between groups while Zhuo Zuoren emphasized more about ＂fight＂. On the concept of equality, Mushakoji Sa- neatsu stressed ＂self- interest＂ while Zhou Zuoren put more stress on ＂universal love＂. On the opposite transition concepts of ＂closed＂ and ＂open＂, ＂New Village＂ ideology of Mushakoji Saneatsu contained both ＂closed＂ and ＂open＂ features and laid particular stress on ＂closed＂, while compared with Mushakoji Saneatsu , Zhou Zuoren put more stress on ＂closed＂. All these show that as introducing the ＂New Village＂ idea of Saneatsu Mushakoji, Zhou Zuoren also made some transformation of localization to adapt to the society at that time and to get a better spread of ＂New Village＂ in China