注水开发污水中硫酸盐还原菌抑制剂研究进展

A Review of the Research into Sulfate Reducing Bacteria Inhibitor for Oilfield Wastewater of Water-flooding

在油田注水开发污水中,硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)是引起微生物腐蚀及环境污染的主要原因之一。SRB的存在会导致金属管道及设备的腐蚀,其腐蚀产物硫化亚铁和氢氧化亚铁以及菌体本身会被油污包裹造成管道及地层堵塞,SRB的存在还会造成聚丙烯酰胺等聚合物的降解,影响后续强化采油开发。目前,油田系统中抑制SRB最常用和有效的方法是化学方法,通过在油田回注水中投加SRB抑制剂。该文综述了注水开发污水中SRB常用化学抑制剂应用现状及研究进展,将其按照杀菌机理分为氧化型抑制剂和非氧化型抑制剂两类。然而由于地层不同、采油过程不同,应采用不同种类化学抑制剂投加回注水,因此,研制相应新型、高效、环保的SRB抑制剂是目前主要研究课题。

Sulfate reducing bacteria （SRB） is one of the main factors causing microbial corrosion and environment pollution in the oil field water injection system. SRB can lead to the corrosion of metal pipelines and equipment, and the corrosion products ferrous sulfide and ferrous hydroxide and bacteria itself can be packaged by oil parcel, causing plugging of pipeline and formation. In addition, the polyacrylamide polymer can be degraded in the presence of SRB, consequently affecting the subsequent development of enhancing oil recovery. At present, the most common and effective method to inhibit SRB in oil field is the chemical method. In this paper, we summarized the commonly used SRB chemical inhibitor in water-flooding and, according to the sterilization mechanism, the inhibitors can be divided into two types：oxidation inhibitor and non-oxidation inhibitor. Due to the different formation and the production process, the different kinds of chemical inhibitors should be adopted for water injection. Therefore, conducting research into the novel, high-efficient and environment friendly SRB inhibitors is important in the future work.