青岛地区6820例呼吸道感染儿童腺病毒监测及临床分析

Adenovirus infection monitoring and clinical analysis in 6 820 respiratory infection children of Qingdao area

目的旨在监测青岛地区呼吸道感染住院儿童的腺病毒感染情况及流行病学特点。方法收集2011年3月至2014年2月我院收治的呼吸道感染患儿共6820例，中位年龄5岁2个月，应用间接免疫荧光法检测患儿血清腺病毒IgM的感染情况。观察不同年龄组、季节及病情患儿腺病毒感染阳性率。结果腺病毒感染患儿共1043例，总阳性率为15．29％，其中幼儿组（1～3岁）的阳性率（16．92％）最高，各年龄组相比，差异有统计学意义（x2=12．50，P〈0．05）。不同季节腺病毒感染阳性率不同，其中以冬、春季阳性率最高，各个季节相比，差异有统计学意义（X2=28．89，P〈0．05），且近年来腺病毒感染的阳性率呈上升趋势。重症组呼吸道感染患儿的腺病毒感染阳性率[19．90％（877／4408）]明显高于轻症组[12．27％（296／2412）]，差异有统计学意SZ（x2=64．25，P〈0．05）。结论近年来青岛地区呼吸道感染住院儿童的腺病毒感染呈上升趋势，冬、春季为高发季节，幼儿为最易感人群，且重症呼吸道感染患儿腺病毒感染阳性率高于轻症患儿，需引起临床工作者的足够重视。

Objective To study the adenovirus infection and popular features in hospitalized respira- tory infection children of Qingdao area. Methods A total of 6 820 cases of respiratory infection from March 2011 to February 2014 in our hospital were enrolled,the average age was 5 years and 2 months old. Their ve- nous serums were collected on the first day of hospitalization, adenovirus IgM was monitored by indirect im- munofluorescence application. The adenovirus-positive rates of cases between different age groups, seasons and diseases were observed. Results Adenovirus were positive in 1 043 children,the rate was 15.29%. The positive rate of young children group（ 1-3 years old） was 16. 92%, which was highest, there was statistic difference between young children group and other age groups（x2 = 12. 50, P 〈 0.05 ）. Adenovirus infection rates were upward in recent years, the infection rates of winter and spring were higher than those of summer and fall, and there were significant differences between them （X2 = 28.89, P 〈 0. 05 ）. The positive rate of AdV-IgM in children with severe respiratory tract infection was higher[ 19.90% （877/4 408） ~ than that of the children with mild infection[ 12. 27% （296/2 412） ] （X2 = 64. 25, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion In recent years, adenovirus infection rate in Qingdao hospitalized respiratory infection children was rising, the infection rates in winter and spring were high, young children were the most vulnerable populations. The positive rate of adenovirus infection in children with severe respiratory tract infection is higher than that of the children with mild respiratory tract infection.