西双版纳小叶杜鹃花挥发性成分研究

Analysis of Volatile Components in Rhododendron parvifolium Cultivated in Xishuangbanna

分别采用水蒸气蒸馏萃取法(SD)和无溶剂微波萃取法(SFME)对西双版纳小叶杜鹃花的挥发油进行了提取,结合气相色谱法-质谱联用技术对其挥发性成分进行了分析,结果表明:2种方法提取的挥发油在得率、品质和组成成分上存在较大差异,法精油得率为1.12%,香气与样品差异较大,分离鉴定到58个组分;SFME法精油得率为1.32%,香气与样品更接近,分离鉴定到67个组分。SD、SFME法所提取的挥发油主要化学成分均为萜类化合物及其含氧衍生物,其中蒎烯含量最高,分别占精油总量的22.58%和26.08%,其次为(-)-β-波旁烯、大根香叶烯D和(-)-斯巴醇等。

By using steam distillation （SD） method and solvent-free microwave extraction （SFME） method respectively, the volatile oil in Rhododendron parvifolium cultivated in Xishuangbanna was extracted, and then its volatile chemical components were separated and identified by GC/MS technology. The results showed that the yield, quality and composition of volatile oil extracted by the above two methods were greatly different. The yield of essential oil extracted by SD method was 1.12%, its fragrance was obvi- ously different from that of original samples, and 58 components were separated and identified. The yield of essential oil extracted by SFME method was 1.32%, its fragrance was more close to that of original samples, and 67 components were separated and identi- fied. But the main chemical components of volatile oil extracted by SD and SFME methods all were terpenoids and their oxygen-con- mining derivatives. Among them, pinene content was the highest, accounting for 22.58% and 26.08% of total essential oil respec- tively; followed by the content of （-）-13-Bourbonene, germacrene I）, （-）-spathulenol and so on.