苏州市1985～2010年LUCC及生态连通性时空差异研究

Study on Spatial-temporal Differentiation in LUCC and Ecological Connectivity from 1985 to 2010 in Suzhou

利用苏州市1985和2010年2期遥感卫星影像，对研究地区土地利用／土地覆被变化情况进行了分析，并就土地利用变化的生态连通性格局进行了研究，揭示了LUCC与生态连通性变化间关系，提出了通过土地利用调整改善生态环境效应的建议。研究发现：1985～2010年研究区土地利用变化强烈，耕地是减少最多的土地利用类型，而城镇工矿和农居点则是变化幅度和变动程度最为剧烈的土地利用类型；受土地利用变化影响，苏州地区生态连通性变化强烈，全市土地有84．2％区域生态阻力呈现不同程度上升，这源于城镇工况和农居点快速扩张，仅有15．8％区域生态阻力下降，生态连通性提高，这源于土地利用类型向水域和草地的转换。全市生态孤岛面积增加15．84％；通过对农村地区农居点有效整理，将其转变成为更具有生态价值的耕地、水域、草地或林地，是降低苏州地区生态阻力，提高生态连通性，有效改善生态环境的重要手段。

According to 2-term （the year 1985 and 2010） remote sensing images of Suzhou city, the author analyzed the spa- tiM-temporal differentiation in Land Use Cover/Land Use Change （LUCC） and ecological connectivity in this city, and studied the relationship between LUCC and ecological connectivity. It was found that： from 1985 to 2010, the LUCC in Suzhou city changed in- tensively; among different land-use types, the area of cultivated land reduced most, and the area of urban and rural residence changed most extensively and most sharply. Impacted by the LUCC, the ecological connectivity of Suzhou changed obviously, and the ecological obstruction in 84.2% of land region of this city showed a rising trend, due to the rapid expansion of construction land area; while that in only 15.8% of land region decreased, and the ecological connectivity increased, because of the transformation of other land-use types to water area and grassland. The area of ecological islet in Suzhou was increased by 15.84%. Through effective land consolidation, transforming the rural residence to more ecological farmland, water area, grassland or wood land is an important approach to reduce the ecological obstruction, enhance the ecological connectivity, and effectively improve the ecological environ- ment of Suzhou city.