参与系统调频的风电机组控制策略研究综述

Review on Control Strategy for Wind Power Generators Participating in System Frequency Regulating

电力系统频率是衡量电力系统电能质量的重要指标,风电机组自身运行特性导致大规模风电并网对系统频率稳定产生极大威胁,风电参与系统调频将成为电力系统未来发展的必然趋势。由于风机本身不具备频率调整的能力,因此风电机组调频控制策略已成为目前风力发电技术的研究热点,为此,在双馈感应风电机组(double fed induction generator,DFIG)正常运行控制基础上,对其参与系统调频控制策略方面相关研究进行分析和综述,分析了减载(deloading,del)运行参与调频的必要性和最优减载法案,研究虚拟惯性控制、下垂控制、桨距角控制等控制方法及其相互辅助从而达到高效调频的协调控制策略,最后展望了需进一步重点研究的内容:储能技术参与风电场调频的协调控制,风电参与系统调频的经济性分析。

Frequency of the power system is an important index for measuring electric power energy quality of the system. Running characteristic of wind power generator may cause great threat to frequency stability of the system by large-scale wind power integration. Wind power participating in frequency regulating of the system is to be an inexorable trend of future development of the power system. Because wind power generation does not have ability of frequency regulating,control strategy for frequency regulating of wind power generator has become a research hotspot. Therefore,on the basis of normal operational control on double-fed induction generator（DFIG）,this paper analyzes and summarizes control strategies for its participating in frequency regulating,analyzes necessity of deloading operation for frequency regulating and optimal deload-ing act. It also studies control methods such as virtual inertia control,droop control and pitch angle control as well as their mutual assists in order to realize coordination control strategies for highly effective frequency regulating. It expects contents for further focused research including coordination control of energy storage technology participating in frequency regulating of wind power station and economy analysis on wind power participating in system frequency regulating.