经皮肝穿刺胆管引流术联合金属内支架植入术治疗胆管癌胆肠吻合术后梗阻性黄疸的疗效

Effect of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage combined with metallic stent implantation treatment for biliary obstruction after portoenterostomy of bile duct cancer

目的探讨经皮肝穿刺胆管引流术(PTCD)联合金属内支架植入术治疗胆管癌胆肠吻合术后梗阻性黄疸的临床应用效果。方法回顾性分析24例胆管癌胆肠吻合术后梗阻性黄疸患者临床资料,采用经皮穿刺胆管引流(引流组)或经皮穿刺胆管引流术联合金属内支架植入术(联合组)治疗,比较治疗前后胆红素、肝功能变化,以及患者的生存率。结果 24例手术均获得成功,低位梗阻14例中10例患者放置支架,高位胆道梗阻10例中3例放置胆道支架,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后患者黄疸指数和肝功能有不同程度改善,中位随访时间为120 d,随访期间经皮穿刺胆管引流组11例死亡7例,联合组13例死亡2例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),结论 PTCD联合支架治疗胆管癌胆肠吻合术后梗阻性黄疸方法可行,低位胆道梗阻更适合胆道支架植入,与单纯PTCD相比,PTCD联合胆管支架植入对延长患者生存时间具有一定优越性。

Objective To study the effect of clinical application of percutaneous transhepatic catheter drainage(PTCD)and metallic stents on biliary obstruction after portoenterostomy of bile duct cancer. Methods Form Nov. 2011 to May. 2014,a total of 24 patients with obstructive jaundice after portoenterostomy were admitted to the hospital and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. The PTCD or implantation of metallic stents was performed in 24 patients. The change of bilirubin restored,AST,ALT and the survival rate of the patients were documented and analyzed. Results The operation was successful in all 24 patients. Among 14 patients of obstruction of lower biliary tract,stent implantation was carried out in 10 patients. Among 10 patients of obstruction of higher biliary tract,stent implantation was carried out in 3 patients. The difference between the two groups was significant (P<0. 05). After the treatment,relief of jaundice symptoms was a-chieved,and the bilirubin restored to normal or acceptable lever,and hepatic function was improved obviously. The median follow-up time was 120 days. During the follow-up,death occurred in 7 cases among 11 patients while death occurred in 2 cases among 13 patients in com-bined-stents group. The difference in the survival rate between the two groups was significant statistically (P<0. 05). Conclusion PTCD or PTCD combined stents is an effective and advisable therapy for biliary obstruction after portoenterostomy of bile duct cancer. Obstruction of lower biliary tract is easier to implant stent. The technique of PTCD combined stents is superior to PTCD technique in the survival rate.