翻转学习:促进教师专业发展的新方式

Flipped Learning:A New Approach to Promoting Teacher Professional Development

近年来,国际上新兴的"翻转学习"正以其显著的优势,成为各国高校与中小学学习方式改革的一种主要方向。将这一新型学习方式引入教师教育领域,建构和实践"教师翻转学习",具有"凸显学以致用,消解教师学习倦怠感"、"促进知识创造,提升教师学习成就感"和"开发碎片时间,赋予教师学习自由感"等独特价值。教师翻转学习在理念上力求彰显学习的个体性、参与性、实用性和生产性,在操作上遵循"自主学习-专题培训-实践研究"的"学训研"三位一体模式。由此,教师可以在培训前有充分的时间学习,培训过程集中解决学习上遇到的问题,而且使学训的效果在实践研究中得以体现和巩固。在推进教师翻转学习的实践过程中,可以依托项目学习、学习资源开发、专家角色改变、学习方式整合和学本评估等五大组织策略进一步提升学习效果,并促进教师的有效专业发展。

Recently, the emerging flipped learning has become a main orientation of the learning approach innovation in various countries' colleges and universities, primary and secondary schools with its significant advantages. Introducing this new learning approach into the field of teacher education, and constructing and practicing "teacher's flipped learning" have unique value in several aspects such as highlighting learning to meet practical needs, easing the sense of teacher's learning burnout, promoting knowledge-creation, improving a sense of teacher's learning achievement, developing fragmented time and endowing a sense of learning freedom to teachers. In the theoretical level, teacher's flipped learning tries to manifest the four ideas: personalization, participation, practicability and productivity. In the practical level, teacher's flipped learning forms the trinity model of"learning-training-research", that is, "autonomous learning-thematic training-practice research". Thus, there is enough time for teachers to learn before training. And during the training, teachers can focus on dealing with problems and difficulty met in their autonomous learning. The effectiveness of learning and training will be reflected and consolidated in the practice research. In order to advance teacher's flipped learning, five organizational strategies, including the project learning, the development of learning resources, the change of expert roles, the integration of learning approaches and the learning-oriented assessment, can be used to improve teachers' learning outcomes and promote effective teacher professional development.