林睡鼠幼鼠的活动规律和行为初步观察

Observations of activity patterns and behavior of Dryomys nitedula pups

本文通过红外照相的方法,对发育期的林睡鼠幼鼠进行室内活动规律及行为观察,为充分了解林睡鼠越冬前的能量储备形式提供饲养参考。将鼠密度监测仪固定在饲养笼具上方,24 h连续拍照,采集和分析6-9月年龄在10周内的林睡鼠幼鼠各种活动数据。结果显示:幼鼠一天中超过70%的时间都在窝内度过,大部分时间蜷缩成团少有动作;在窝外活动时间多在玩耍,如攀爬笼架。用于进食和饮水的时间不超过全天的2%。林睡鼠幼鼠主要活动时间在21:00-07:00,活动高峰在21:00-03:00。幼鼠出生3周后开始出窝活动,哺乳期30 d后开始采食,5周后幼鼠有交配玩耍行为。随着日龄的增长,活动高峰从23:00提前到21:00,活动时间也逐渐延长,但9周龄后活动时间逐渐缩短,幼鼠的饮水进食时间与其活动的时间长短较为一致。10周龄体重可达成年体重的70%。研究表明,林睡鼠在夏秋季节基本是昼伏夜出。光照是影响其在外活动的重要因素之一。幼鼠6周龄后所需的饲料和水量大于成年林睡鼠,在此期间要注意饲料和水的补充。

In order to understand energy storage of Dryomys nitedula before winter,and provide information for artificial feeding,behavior and activity pattern of D. nitedula pups were observed indoors by infrared motion sensor cameras. Specifically,from June to September,cameras which can collect the activity data of the animal for 24 hours continuously were fixed on the tops of cages. Results showed that,the pups of D. nitedula spend about 70% of a day in the nest,where they huddle together with rare activities,Most play-behavior occurred outside the nest- for example,climbing on the cages.The time spent on feeding activity was no more than 2% of the whole day. The major activity time of the pups happened between 21： 00 pm to 07： 00 am,and reached its peak at 21： 00 pm to 03： 00 am. Three weeks after birth,the pups starts to play outside the nest; after 30 days they start to eat food; and after 5 weeks play and mating behaviors of emerged. Along with increased day-length,the activity peak was changed from 23： 00 pm to 21： 00 pm,the total activity time also increased gradually,but the activity time then gradually shortened after 9 weeks of age,and the time of feeding behavior on food and water were consistent with other activities. The body weight at 10 weeks age was almost 70% of that of the adults. The results revealed that D. nitedula is a nocurnal animal during the summer and autumn. Light is one of the important factors that can influence the outside activities of D. nitedula. The amount of food and water consumed by the D. nitedula pups at 6 weeks of age was more than of the adults,which indicates that supplemental food and water should be added at this period.