清末民初汉冶萍公司与八幡制铁所的利益博弈——以资金借贷为中心的考察(1896—1915年)

The Interest Game between Hanyeping Company and Yawata Steel Works at the End of Qing and Beginning of the Republic of China——Investigation on Fund Loan( 1896—1915)

在汉冶萍公司史研究中,以往惯用的侵略史观不足以解释中日汉冶萍交往的复杂历史细节,容易将原本复杂的问题简单化、程式化。博弈论的视角可弥补此缺憾。清末民初,八幡制铁所所处的博弈环境显著优于汉冶萍公司,但汉冶萍凭借资源优势,拥有相当大的主动权。1896—1915年间,两家企业大约经历了三个阶段、多个回合的交锋。随着发展环境、工程进度的变化,汉冶萍曾不断逼迫日本各方让步,使日方攫取汉冶萍全部产业抵押担保权的企图迟迟未能坐实。但日方凭借不断地资金借贷,造成其与汉冶萍公司密不可分的客观事实。通过"二十一条"交涉,日本政府利用军事外交手段迫使中国政府承认其在汉冶萍享有的既得利益,标志着汉冶萍与八幡制铁所的利益博弈以日方的胜利告终。这一局面的出现,与日本采取积极有效的博弈策略、博弈手段密切相关。

The historic view of aggression couldn＆#39;t explain the complicated historical details on the study of Hanyeping history.Frequently, it leads original complex problem to oversimplification and stylization .The view of Game theory can remedy the defect.The game environment of Yawata Steel Works at the end of Qing and beginning of the Republic of China was significantly better than that of Hanyeping Company .But based on the resource advantage, Hanyeping Company retained considerable initiative .The two companies contes-ted multiple rounds during 1896 -1915.In this process, Hanyeping Company had forced the Japanese con-cessions again and again.The Yawata Steel Works＆#39;s attempt of seizing the whole Hanyeping Company indus-try＆#39;s mortgage right didn＆#39;t achieve for a long time.But depending on constantly lending, the Japanese created an objective facts that the close relationship existed between the two companies .Based on the ＆quot;Twenty-one Demands＆quot;, Japanese government compelled Beiyang Government to acknowledge Japanese vested interests by military and political means ,which marked the victory of Japan in the interest game , and the result was close-ly related to Japanese Game strategy and game means.