护理专业实习生死亡观与临终关怀态度的研究

A qualitative study on death viewpoint and attitude towards hospice care in nursing students during clinical practice

目的描述护理专业实习生的死亡观和临终关怀态度,以指导护理教育者和临床护理管理者为实习生开展有针对性的死亡教育及设置临终护理课程提供依据。方法采用目的抽样,选取在某三级甲等医院进行临床实习的14名护理专业学生,以半结构式访谈法收集资料,采用Colaizzi的7歩分析法对资料进行整理和归纳。结果提炼出4个主题:对死亡持消极态度,调节方式各异;面对临终患者有着复杂的心理感受;对临终关怀的认知不足;缺乏临终护理的职业认同感。结论护理教育和管理者应加强对实习生的死亡教育,开设临终护理专业课程,帮助实习生树立科学的死亡观,提高其临终护理能力和职业认同感,进而提高临终护理服务质量。

Objective To explore the death viewpoint and attitude towards hospice care in nursing students during clinical practice,and provide reference for the curriculum design of death and hospice care education for nursing educators and clinical administrators. Methods Fourteen nursing students who practiced in a 3A hospital were recruited in this study using purposive sampling method. Data were collected by in-depth interviews and analyzed using Colaizzi＇ s seven step analysis method. Results Four themes were extracted,including negative attitude towards death and a variety of adjustment ways,complicated feelings towards the dying patients,insufficient knowledge towards hospice care and weak occupational identity to hospice care. Conclusion Nursing educators and administrators should pay more attention to death education and set the curriculum of hospice care to help nursing students form scientific death viewpoint and improve hospice care ability and occupational identity,and thereby to improve the quality of hospice care gradually.