中外高水平涉农高校的学科结构特征比较——基于QS世界大学农业学科排名的科学计量学分析

A Comparison of Disciplinary Structure among Top 50 Agriculture-related Universities in the World by Scientometrics

以QS世界大学排名中农业学科领域前50位大学发表的科学论文为分析对象,利用重复二分法聚类、科学层叠图等科学计量学方法,分析比较各个高校的学科结构特征。分析结果表明,世界高水平涉农高校的农业科学学科建设可以划分为五种模式,即:以农业科学为主体,倾斜式的学科发展;以农业科学为特色,均衡式的学科发展;以人文社会科学为基础,互动式的学科发展;以理工学科为根基,驱动式的学科发展;以相邻学科为优势,协同式的学科发展。我国涉农高校的决策部门应学习、借鉴和吸收这些学科结构模式中的积极要素,结合本校学科建设的实际情况,制定长期的学科发展规划,优化学科的结构布局。

Based on a scientometric analysis of papers published by top 50 universities in agricultural science according to QS world university rankings, this article compares their disciplinary structure. The research results show that five modes can be classified for those uni- versities in the development of agricultural science, including slantingly unbalanced development with agricultural science as a mainstay, balanced development with agricultural science as a feature, interactive development with humanities and social sciences as a base, knowl- edge-driven development with science and engineering disciplines as a root, and coordinative development with adjacent disciplines as an advantage. Agriculture-related universities in China should absorb those positive elements in the five modes to make a long-term plan for disciplinary development and improve disciplinary structure.