广金钱草生殖生物学探索

Exploration of Reproductive Biology of Desmodii Styracifolii Herba

目的：考察广金钱草生殖生物学特征,为该药材的资源开发与利用提供参考。方法：通过野外观测、室内分析及人工套袋授粉等方法研究广金钱草的繁育系统、开花习性、传粉方式及花粉-胚珠比、杂交指数等生殖生物学特性。结果：广金钱草的花为两性花,开花高峰时间9：30~11：00,日开花数量随开花天数的变化近似于正态分布曲线,单花花期1~2 d,种群开花历时45 d;柱头在花即将开放到开后8 h内均具有可授性;花粉-胚珠比8 000±1 225;杂交指数4;人工套袋试验显示以自交为主,异交亲和;传粉昆虫为双翅目的蜂类和膜翅目的蝇类。结论：广金钱草繁育系统以自交为主,异交亲和,需要传粉者。

Objective： To investigate reproductive biology of Desmodii Styracifolii Herba. Method： Reproductive system, flowering habits, pollination pattern, pollen-ovule ratio （P/O）, out-crossing index （OCI） and other reproductive biology characteristics of Desmodii Styracifolii Herba were measured by field observation, laboratory analysis, artificial bagging pollination and other ways. Result： Flowers of Desmodii Styracifolii Herba was bisexual, blossom peak time was from 9：30 to 11：00. Flowering time was about 45 days, and single one was 1 to 2 days. Numbers of daily blossom showed normal distribution patterns. Stigmas had receptivity 1 hour before blossom and after blossom in 8 hours, P/O was 8 000 ± 1 225, OCI was 4. Artificial bagging test showed that breeding system of Desmodii Styracifolii Herba was mainly self-pollination, cross-pollination. Bees of Diptera and flies of Hymenotera were pollinators for Desmodii Styracifolii Herba. Conclusion： Breeding system of Desmodii Styracifolii Herba is mainly self-pollination, cross-pollination and pollinators are needed.