高龄患者髋、膝关节置换中罗哌卡因腰椎硬膜外麻醉的镇痛效果

Analgesic effect of ropivacaine of lumbar epidural anesthesia in elderly patients for hip and knee arthroplasty

背景:高龄髋、膝关节置换中可以选择不同的镇痛方式,考虑到高龄患者的实际情况,需要合理地进行麻醉方式选择,以达到麻醉起效快、维持时间长以及镇痛效果好等目的。目的:探讨罗哌卡因腰椎硬膜外麻醉在高龄膝关节置换术中的镇痛效果。方法:从沈阳市骨科医院2011年9月至2014年9月收治的行髋、膝关节置换,年龄80-96岁的高龄患者中选择78例,随机分为对照组39例和观察组39例,分别给予连续硬膜外麻醉和罗哌卡因腰椎硬膜外联合麻醉,比较两组的镇痛效果优良率、起效时间、局麻药诱导、杜芬合剂使用次数及不良反应发生情况。结果与结论:观察组镇痛效果优良率为97%,高于对照组87%(P<0.05)。观察组的起效时间显著短于对照组,局麻药诱导量显著低于对照组,杜芬合剂使用次数显著少于对照组,经比较差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。两组发生不良反应比较差异不显著(P>0.05)。表明在高龄膝关节置换术中对患者实施罗哌卡因腰椎硬膜外麻醉可以获得良好的镇痛效果。

BACKGROUND：Analgesia in different ways can be selected for the elderly in hip and knee arthroplasty. Considering the actual situation of the elderly patients, choice of anesthesia should be reasonable in order to achieve fast acting, long lasting time and good analgesic effect. OBJECTIVE：To explore the analgesic effect of ropivacaine of lumbar epidural anesthesia on elderly knee arthroplasty. METHODS：A total of 78 elderly patients aged 80-96 years, who were treated with hip and knee arthroplasty in the Shenyang Orthopaedic Hospital from September 2011 to September 2014, were enrol ed in this study. They were equal y and randomly assigned to control group and observation group, and separately administered continuous epidural anesthesia and lumbar epidural anesthesia with ropivacaine. The excel ent and good rate, onset time, anesthetic induction, frequency of use of Duffing mixture, and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：The excel ent and good rate of analgesic effect was higher in the observation group （97%） than in the control group （87%） （P0.05）. Above results indicated that lumbar epidural anesthesia of ropivacaine obtained good analgesic effects during elderly knee arthroplasty.