高原适应者返平原后脱适应期心脏超声变化的初步探讨

Preliminary study of echocardiography changes for plateau accommodators during the period of de-adaptation

目的对短期驻训高原官兵返平原后行心脏超声检查,初步探讨其脱适应期间心脏形态、血流及心功能的变化。方法采用便携式超声诊断仪对驻训海拔3900 m高原地区7个月的官兵急进返回平原(200 m)后第2天、第30天及第120天行心脏超声检查,并对所采集数据行统计学分析。结果与第2天超声检测结果比较,第30天心脏超声显示肺动脉和右室流出道内径减小,肺动脉收缩期流速、心率、左室Tei指数及平均肺动脉压降低,左室舒张期E、A峰流速增快;第120天左室舒张期E、A峰流速增快,肺动脉收缩期流速降低,右房收缩期横径、上下径,右室舒张期横径、肺动脉及右室流出道内径减小,心率、左室Tei指数及平均肺动脉压降低,左室缩短分数和射血分数升高。结论高原适应者返平原后脱适应期间心脏发生系列变化,其中心功能变化较心脏形态改善较早,需设置合理作训计划以促进身体恢复。

Objective To study the cardiac morphologic changes,hemodynamics and function of plateau accommodators during the period of de- adaptation with ehocardiography. Methods Soldiers returned to altitude of 200 m plain area from high altitude of 3900 m for 7 months ’training. Portable diagnostic ultrasound equipment was applied for echocardiography in day 2,day 30 and day 120 after their returning. Data were collected for statistical analysis.Results Compared with day 2, size of left ventricular end diastolic volume,right atrium,pulmonary artery and right ventricular output tract of day 30 after returning from plateau were smaller,but left ventricle E velocity and A velocity were faster.On the date of day 120,left ventricle E velocity and A velocity were faster,and the velocity of pulmonary artery decreased,size of right atrium,right ventricular,pulmonary artery and right ventricular output tract were smaller,heart rate,Tei index of left ventricular,pulmonary artery pressure decreased,and left ventricle fractional shortening and ejection fraction increased.Conclusion Series of cardiac morphologic changes occurred in plateau accommodators during the period of de-adaptation. Cardiac function recovered prior to morphological changes. Training plans might be adjusted for better physical recovery.