采用液相球磨法由氧化铋制备次硝酸铋的工艺

Preparation of bismuth subnitrate by liquid ball-milling transformation method from oxide

针对传统次硝酸铋制备过程中产生污染环境的有毒气体二氧化氮及大量氨氮废水等问题,提出采用液相球磨转化法制备次硝酸铋新工艺,运用正交试验和单因素试验方法对氧化铋球磨转化制备次硝酸铋工艺进行研究。研究结果表明:各因素对转化率影响性由大至小的顺序为液固比、球料比、硝酸浓度、反应时间;氧化铋球磨转化制备次硝酸铋的最佳工艺条件如下:硝酸浓度为0.5 mol/L,液固比为15:1 m L/g,球料比为10:1(质量比),反应时间为1 h,在此最佳工艺条件下,氧化铋的平均转化率为90.71%。制备的次硝酸铋主要呈棒状形态分布。

In order to solve the problem in traditional process of preparation of bismuth which produced toxic NO2 and ammonia-nitrogen waste water, a new process for preparation of bismuth subnitrate by ball-milling transformation method from bismuth oxide was proposed. The process of preparation of bismuth subnitrate by ball-milling transformation was investigated by using orthogonal and single factor experiment methods. The results show that the effect of factors on the conversion rate of Bi203 from strong to weak are liquid-solid ratio, the mass ratio of ball to bismuth oxide, concentration of nitric acid and reaction time. The optimum conditions for ball-milling process are determined as follows： the concentration of nitric acid is 0.5 tool/L, the liquid solid ratio is 15：1, the ball-powder mass ratio is 10：1, and the ball-milling time is 1 h. The conversion rate of bismuth oxide can reach 90.71% under the optimal conditions. The bismuth subnitrate products show rod-like structure.