EGSB处理中药废水的启动过程及其厌氧颗粒污泥特性

Start-up performance and characteristics of anaerobic granular sludge in EGSB reactor for treating traditional Chinese medicine wastewater

对EGSB处理中药废水的启动过程进行研究,并从颗粒污泥的粒径分布、完整系数、二价金属含量及溶解性微生物产物等角度分析启动过程中颗粒污泥的特性变化。研究结果表明：在进水中药废水体积比增加到100%的初期,COD去除率（质量分数）下降到86%,同时VFA浓度升高到4.20 mmol/L;启动完成后,COD去除率达到95%左右,VFA浓度下降到1.50 mmol/L左右;同时红外光谱分析表明中药废水中的氨基酸与苯系物等有机物可被EGSB有效地去除。在启动初期,颗粒污泥的粒径分布由0.5~1.0 mm减少到0~0.5 mm;完整性系数由17.3上升到40.9;钙、镁离子质量浓度分别由40.23和23.97 mg/L降低到19.45和10.19 mg/L;三维荧光光谱则表明在颗粒污泥的溶解性微生物产物中出现了辅酶F420的吸收峰。启动完成后,颗粒污泥的完整性系数降低到29.9,钙和镁离子质量浓度增加到43.98 mg/L和16.26 mg/L,溶解性微生物产物中的蛋白吸收峰强度显著降低,此时EGSB运行稳定,颗粒污泥性能良好。

The start-up procedures of EGSB reactor for treating traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） wastewater were studied. At the same time, the characteristics of granular sludge in EGSB reactor were analyzed by particle size distribution, integrity coefficient, metal content and soluble microbial products of granular sludge. The results show that when TCM wastewater proportion increases to 100%, the COD removal rate decreases to 86% （mass fraction）, and the VFA concentration of the effluent increases to 4.20 mmol/L. At the end of the start-up stage, the COD removal rate reaches 95% and the VFA concentration of the effluent decreases to 1.50 mmol/L. The amino acid and benzene ring materials in the TCM wastewater can be effectively removed by EGSB reactor. In the initial stage, the particle size distribution of the granular sludge reduces from 0.5-1.0 mm to 0-0.5 mm. The integrity coefficient increases from 17.3 to 40.9. The calcium and magnesium ion mass concentration of the granular sludge decrease from 40.23 and 23.97 mg/L to 19.45 and 10.19 mg/L, respectively. In addition, the coenzyme F420 absorption peak is observed in the soluble microbial products of the granular sludge by three dimensional fluorescence spectra. At stationary phase, the integrity coefficient of the granular sludge returns to 29.9. The calcium and magnesium ion concentration of the granular sludge increase to 43.98 mg/L and 16.26 mg/L. The strength of protein absorption peaks in the soluble microbial products obviously decline. The performance of granular sludge and the EGSB reactor stability are fine.