从名园到名校 清华学校早期校园景观之形成及其特征

From a Royal Garden to a Modern College Formation and Characteristics of the Campus Landscape of Tsinghua College

有关清华校园建设的成果较多,但清华校园景观的形成过程及其特征则未见论述。利用墨菲档案(Murphy Papers)中有关清华学校规划与建设的文字和图像资料,及多种民国文献关于校园景观的记载,分3阶段研究清华园向近代大学转型过程中早期校园景观的形成过程,讨论清华早期校园景观的4个特点,即因借自然条件、在保留中国园林意匠的同时融入西方校园景观设计元素、善用植物花木进行色彩和空间搭配及古物保护意识不断增强等。

Despite the bulk of researches on the construction of Tsinghua College （1909-1927）, it remains largely unknown how the campus landscape was formed. Based on Murphy Papers found at Yale University and newly discovered materials of the Republic on this subject, this paper divides the formation of Tsinghua＇s campus landscape into three phases, and singles out the 4 characteristics that include the borrowing from natural conditions, the utilization of plants colors and space, the organic combination of both Chinese and Western landscape elements, and the increasing consciousness of cultural preservation,.