非典型性趋化因子受体在肿瘤发展与转移中的作用

Roles of atypical chemokine receptors in progression and metastasis of tumor

趋化因子（chemokines）是一类单链小分子的蛋白质超家族,可特异性地募集和激活白细胞,参与免疫、造血、器官发育、炎症、艾滋病、肿瘤等发生发展过程。趋化因子受体是7次跨膜G蛋白偶联受体家族成员,可识别和结合特定的趋化因子。趋化因子及其受体所构成的生物学轴参与了肿瘤的发生及转移的多种过程。

Chemokines and their receptors have been implicated mostly in tumor progression and metastasis. Atypical chemokine receptors （ACKRs） comprise a group of 7-transmembrane domain proteins structurally similar to G pro- tein-coupled receptors. However, ACKRs do not induce classical signaling via the typical G protein-mediated pathways. ACKRs efficiently internalize the cognate chemokine ligands and act as scavengers instead. ACJRs are composed of at least 3 members of chemokine receptors ： Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines （ DARC, also known as ACKR1 ）, D6 （ also known as ACKR2） and ChemoCentryx chemokine receptor （CCX-CKR, also known as ACKR4）. These receptors bind to and/or internalize their chemoattractant ligands without activating signal transduction cascades leading to cell migration. In this review, we summarize the recent progress regarding the roles of ACKRs in the progression and metastasis of tumor.