阳江市健康人群乙型肝炎血清流行病学调查

Epidemical survey for hepatitis B serological analysis in healthy population in Yangjiang City

目的了解阳江市健康人群乙型肝炎表面抗体（抗-HBs）水平,评价乙型肝炎疫苗免疫效果。方法采用整群随机抽样方法,在阳江市辖区内随机抽取20个乡镇的常住健康人群为调查对象。采用电化学发光免疫法定量检测抗-HBs水平,运用SPSS18.0和Excel 2007软件进行数据整理和分析。结果共采集1 054人份血清进行检测,人群中乙肝疫苗接种率为94.88%,抗-HBs阳性率为63.47%、抗-HBs高应答率及GMT分别为29.51%和2 3.47 m IU/m L。乙肝疫苗接种率显示,随着年龄的增长疫苗接种率越低;20岁以下和20岁以上人群疫苗接种率分别为98.35%和54.22%,且男性高于女性;各地区间疫苗接种率差异无统计学意义（χ^2=5.99,P=0.11）。抗-HBs阳性率显示,1-14岁儿童抗-HBs阳性率为63.00%。其中,1-岁组儿童最高为87.20%,7-岁组最低为54.56%;江城区抗-HBs阳性率最高（70.61%）,阳西县最低（56.60%）。1岁以下儿童的抗-HBs应答率和GMT均最高,分别为61.22%和（91.56±2.15）m IU/m L。5-岁组最低,分别为13.74%和（12.44±1.46）m IU/m L,差异均有显著的统计学意义（χ^2=57.31,P=0.00,F=5.77,P=0.00）。结论阳江市健康人群乙肝疫苗接种率高,初步形成免疫屏障。积极开展20岁以下人群的加强免疫和成人的乙肝疫苗的接种工作。

Objective To analyze the anti-HBs level and evaluate result for hepatitis B vaccine immunization to healthy population in Yangjiang City.Methods The cluster random sampling test was carried out in the survey,healthy persons were selected from 20 villages and towns in the area.The CMIA （Chemiluminescence microparticle immuno assay）was used in a quantitative detection of anti-HBs,and the data collected and analyzed by software SPSS18 and Excel 2007.Re-sults A total of 1 054 sera samples were collected and detected,the immunization rate was 94.88% in the investigated population,the positive rate for anti-HBs was 63.47%,high response rate was 29.51%,Geometric mean titer （GMT） was 23.47 mIU /mL.The immunization rate gradually decreased to lower along with growing of age,immunization rate in groups below（〈）20 years and more than or equal to （≥）20 years were 98.35% and 54.22%,respectively,and the rate was higher in male group than in female group.The immunization rates have no statistical significance （χ^2 =5.99,P =0.11）in investigated areas.The result showed,positive rate for anti-HBs was 63.00% in children with age from 1 to 14 years,the group with the highest rate was in 1 years-group with 87.20%,the group with the lowest rate was in 7 years-group with 54.56%,the area with the highest rate was in Jiangcheng District with 70.61%,the area with the lowest rate was in Yangxi County with 56.60%.The anti-HBs response and GMT were in the highest values for children below（〈）1 year age,as 61.22% and （91.56±2.15）mIU /mL,respectively,but these were in the lowest values for children 5-years age,as 13.74% and （12.44±1.46）mIU /mL,respectively,there has a statistical significant difference（χ^2 =57.31,P=0.00,F=5.77,P =0.00）between both of them.Conclusion A primary immune barrier was formed in healthy popula- vaccine immunization processed in adults.