嗜肺军团菌生物膜形成及其影响因素

Biofilm formation of Legionella pneumophila and its influencing factors

嗜肺军团菌在自然环境和人工供水系统中普遍存在,能够在阿米巴原虫和其他原生动物体内繁殖,所引起的军团菌病主要表现为严重的呼吸系统疾病。但在自然环境中,嗜肺军团菌的生存和繁殖受到多菌种生物膜形成和繁殖的影响,一些军团菌病的暴发与生物膜的存在相关。因此,阻止自然环境和人工水系统中生物膜的形成显然已成为降低水污染的有效策略之一。根据近年来的报道分别对影响嗜肺军团菌生物膜形成的生化因子和嗜肺军团菌的毒力因子,以及其他生物物种在嗜肺军团菌生物膜形成过程中所起的不同作用等进行综述。

Legionellosis is mostly caused by Legionella pneumophila （L.pneumophila ）and is defined as a severe respira-tory illness.L.pneumophila is ubiquitous in natural and anthropogenic water systems.While L.pneumophila replicates within environmental protozoa,colonization and persistence in its natural environment are also mediated by formation and colonization of biofilm within multi-species microbial communities.There is now evidence that some legionellosis outbreaks are correlated with the presence of biofilms.Thus,preventing biofilm formation from anthropogenic and natural aquatic en-vironments appears as one of the strategies to reduce contamination in water system.However,the lack of information about the chemical and biophysical conditions,as well as the molecular mechanisms that allow the production of biofilms by L. pneumophila.Here,the biochemical parameter and L.pneumophila virulence which influence the presence of L.pneumo-phila within biofilm formation,and also the roles of other microbial species in biofilm colonization of L.pneumophila will be reviewed in this paper.