设计师视线之外的全民健身路径研究——杭州五处健身点的环境行为学调查报告

Study on Spatial Factors of National Fitness Route—Report of An Environment and Behavior Study on Five Sites in Hangzhou

全民健身路径已逐渐成为一种新的城市公共空间类型。文献回顾发现,该类项目存在着空间设计缺席的现象,与它的建设规模与影响力极不匹配。研究以杭州5处健身点为例,采用结构式行为观察法收集资料,分析了健身时间的分布特征、健身者年龄构成,对场地器材利用率以及单个器材使用率2种定量指标进行了计算;获得了7项主要发现与2项猜想;并证明在已知的管理、维护、器材配置等因素外,中微观尺度的空间布局特性也是影响健身路径使用率的关键因素。最后提出4个层次的空间设计构思,帮助健身路径工程在今后发挥更强、更综合的社会效益。

National Fitness Route has become a new type of urban public space. From literature review, it is found there is an absence of the spatial design in such projects, which does not match the massive construction scale and high profile influence. By the structured behavior observation method, this research collected data from five sites in Hangzhou, and analyzed the features of fitness time distribution, users’ age constitution, utilization of site and single equipment. Seven main findings and two hypotheses are obtained, and the significance of micro spatial factors is proved to be key factors for the effectiveness of fitness sites alongside the management and maintenance factors. Three levels of spatial design proposals are made at the end to promote a better fitness route project in terms of stronger and more comprehensive social benefits.