基于ArcGIS的传统村落最佳观景路线提取方法——以世界文化遗产:开平碉楼与村落为例

Arc GIS Based Scenic Route Design Of Traditional Villages: Kaiping Watchtowers Case

传统村落具有规模较小、景观点数量众多且分散、景观层次丰富和生产与生活性路网发达的特点。采取微观视角下的观景路线选线方法,在已有路网基础上提取最佳观景路线对于传统村落景观的保护与利用具有重要意义。研究以世界文化遗产之开平碉楼与村落为例,探索基于Arc GIS的空间视域选线方法:首先,通过要素提取分析和对象特征分析,建立要素数据库、界定景观的观赏效果,以景观数量多且质量好的点为最佳观景点;其次,综合利用Arc GIS表面、三维、缓冲分析工具在生产与生活性道路上分析各观景点的景观数量和质量,判断最佳观景点;最后,利用网络分析工具选取最佳观景路线。最佳观景点及最佳观景路线的选择有利于优化村落游赏规划、调整遗产保护范围,为遗产区管理和遗产保护提供新的思路。

Traditional villages have rich landscape and road network. Scenic route design is significant to traditional village landscape preservation and utilization. The paper studies viewing route design with ArcGIS technology in world cultural heritage site-Kaiping watchtowers case. Firstly analysis of landscape qualities recommend the best viewing points, then ArcGIS technology is used to analyze the amount and quality of different viewpoints, and finally the best scenic route is defined by network tools. The best scenic route design will help improve village planning and heritage preservation.