太阳能集热屋面的性能测试分析

Performance Test Analysis of Solar Energy Collection Roof

通水屋面虽能实现屋面隔热,但不能满足利用太阳能为建筑供应热水的需求。本文在通水屋面构造设计的基础上,研制出1种新型低成本的太阳能集热、隔热及冷却屋面模块,并建造了太阳能集热屋面模块性能测试平台,通过不同模块对比测试方法,对所研制模块的集热量、集热效率及其隔热性能等进行了测试分析。通过测量集热模块在不同工况下的集热管进出口水温、流量以及环境温湿度、辐射强度、模块各构造层温度及传热热流等性能参数,获得了集热模块在不同工况下的集热量、集热效率、模块隔热性能等随时间的变化规律及其评价参数,分析了模块集热性能与辐射强度及流量之间的变化关系,对比分析了不同构造模式下集热模块的隔热性能及其变化特点,为其工程应用提供了基本的实验依据。本模块也为建筑屋面隔热、冷却及集热提供了1种低成本的构成模式,并为屋面冷却及太阳能集热提供了1种新的工程应用方法。

Water pipes roof can realize the thermal insulation, but it is unable to supply hot water to buildings using solar energy. Based on the structure design of water pipes roof, the paper developed a new type of roof module that integrates solar energy collection, insulation and cooling at low cost, and constructed the experimental platform for testing the solar collection roof module. By means of a comparison test between different modules, the parameters of the developed module such as heat-collecting capacity, heat-collecting efficiency and thermal isolation performance were tested and analyzed. By measuring the performance parameters of the heat-collecting module in different working conditions, such as water temperature and flow of inlet and outlet of collector tubes, ambient temperature and relative humidity, radiation intensity, temperature at each constructing layer of module and heat flow in heat transfer, we found how the heat-collecting capacity, heat-collecting efficiency and thermal isolation performance of heat-collecting module varied over time in different working conditions, analyzed the relation of solar heat-collecting performance of module with radiation intensity and flow, and compared the thermal isolation performance of heat-collecting module with different constructing modules and its variation law. The findings provide an essential experimental basis for its application in engineering. The module also provides a low-cost construction mode for insulation, cooling and heat collection of building roof, and a new application method in engineering for roof cooling and solar collection.