园林水景声音喜好度研究

Study on the Fondness Degree of Sound of Waterscape of Garden

采用客观物理分析和主观问卷调查相结合的方法,探讨了不同类型园林水景声音特性和被人们喜欢的程度。首先,使用专业声学设备对济南市的46个水景声音进行采集与测量,选取15个典型水景声音进行研究。分析水景声音的声压级和频谱图像等物理特性。在半消声室内回放录制的水景声音并进行问卷调查。研究水景声音的物理特性、视觉影像和主观描述与喜好度之间的关系。得到以下结论:人们不喜欢声压级大、频谱曲线平直的大流速流量水景的声音;水景周边环境对小流速流量水景声音音质影响明显;水景的视觉影像影响水景声音被喜欢的程度;人们喜欢"舒缓的"水景声,不喜欢"急促的、低沉的"水景声;喜欢"潺潺"的水景声,不喜欢"轰轰"的水景声。

Objective physical analysis and subjective questionnaire survey were combined to investigate the feature of the sounds of different waterscapes and people＇ s preference. First, professional acoustic equipment was used to collect and measure 46 sounds of waterscape in Jinan, and 15 typical sounds were selected for study. Physical properties such as sound pressure level and spectral image of sound of waterscape were analyzed. The recorded sound of waterscape was replayed in semi-anechoic room and questionnaire was distributed. The physical properties and visual image of sound and the relation between subjective description and preference were studied. The following conclusions were reached： people do not like the sound of waterscape with large flow rate, great sound pressure level, and flat spectrum curve; the surroundings of waterscape significantly influence the sound quality of waterscape with small flow rate ; the visual image of waterscape influences the preference for its sound ; people like ＂soothing＂ and ＂purl＂ sound of waterscape rather than ＂hurried＂, ＂deep＂ and ＂rumbling＂ sound.