新疆某油田噪声对作业人员健康的影响

Effect of noise on health of exposed workers in an oil field of Xinjiang

目的了解噪声对作业人员健康的影响,为更好地保护噪声作业人员身体健康提供科学依据。方法选择新疆某油田噪声作业人员2 261人为噪声组,以该油田既往无噪声接触史的机关、后勤服务人员1 258人为对照组,对两组人员进行职业健康检查,结合噪声监测资料对检查结果进行分析。结果噪声组胆囊疾病、肝功异常、肝囊肿检出率与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。噪声组高尿酸血症、幽门螺杆菌感染检出率与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);与噪声接触工龄、强度均无相关性(r=0.011~0.040,P>0.05)。噪声组慢性结膜炎、慢性咽炎、慢性鼻炎检出率与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);与噪声接触工龄均呈负相关关系(r=-0.091^-0.109,P<0.01),与噪声强度均无相关性(r=0.022~0.034,P>0.05)。噪声组神经衰弱检出率与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);与噪声接触工龄无相关性(r=0.032,P>0.05),与噪声强度呈正相关关系(r=0.082,P<0.01)。噪声组心电图异常、血压升高、脂肪肝、体质指数异常、血糖升高、血脂异常、听力损伤检出率与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);与噪声接触工龄、强度均呈正相关关系(r=0.082~0.267,P<0.01)。结论噪声对作业人员的听觉、心血管、内分泌、代谢、神经等系统均存在有害影响。

[Objective] To understand the effect of noise on the health of exposed workers, provide scientific basis for further protecting the workers＂ heahh.[Methods]2 261 noise-exposed workers in an oil field of Xinjiang were enrolled in the noise group, while 1258 office and service personnel who had no previous history of noise exposure were recruited in the control group. Two groups received the occupational health examination, and the results were analyzed by combining with noise monitoring data. [ Results]There were no statistically significant differences in the detection rate of gallbladder disease, abnormal liver unction and hepatic cyst between the noise group and control group （P〉0.05）. The statistically significant differences in the detection rate of hyperuricemia and Helicobaeter pylori infection were found between the noise group and control group （P〈0.01）, and there were no correlations between the detection rates and length of exposure, noise intensity （r=0.011-0.040, P〉0.05）. The statistically significant differences in the detection rate of chronic conjunctivitis, chronic pharyngitis and chronic rhinitis were found between the noise group and control group （P〈0.01）, and the detection rates were negatively correlated with the length of noise exposure （r=-0.091-0.109, P〈0.01）, while there was no correlation between the detection rates and the noise intensity （r=0.022-0.034, P〉0.05）. There was statistically significant difference in the detection rate of neurasthenia between the noise group and control group （P〈0.01）, there was no correlation between the detection rate and the length of noise exposure （r=0.032, P〉0.05）, while the detection rate was positively correlated with the noise intensity （r=0.082, P〈0.01）. There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of ECG abnormalities, elevated blood pressure, fatty liver, abnormal body mass index, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hearing loss between the noise group and control group （P〈0.01）, and the detection rates were positively correlated with the length of exposure and noise intensity （r=0.082-0.267, P〈0.01）.[Conclusion]Noise has the harmful effect on workers＇ hearing, cardiovascular system, endocrine system, metabolism system and nerve system.