上海市松江区居民食物摄入频率研究

Study on food intake frequency of residents in Songjiang District of Shanghai

目的了解上海市松江区居民食物摄入频率现状和膳食结构模式,为今后有针对性地开展营养教育和促进工作提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,在上海市松江区抽取424名居民作为研究对象,运用半定量食物频率法调查15岁及以上居民,用入户调查的方法对研究对象调查近3个月的各类食物摄入频率和摄入量。采用评分方法评价该区居民的膳食质量,采用多因素logistic回归分析方法筛选食物摄入频率的相关影响因素。结果松江区居民膳食结构欠合理,谷类、蔬菜类、鱼虾类、畜禽肉类摄入频率较高,得分均在3.5分以上,水果类、豆类、蛋类和奶类次之,蔬菜、水果以及奶类的摄入量与中国居民膳食宝塔推荐量相比仍有较大差距。影响居民食物摄入频率的主要影响因素是文化程度、性别、职业和收入水平。结论目前松江区居民的膳食存在着蔬菜、水果和奶类摄入不足的问题,应针对不同人群开展营养宣教,以建立居民合理营养的健康观念。

[Objective] To investigate the food intake frequency and dietary pattern of residents in Songjiang District of Shanghai, provide the basis for further nutrition education and promotion. [ Methods ]424 residents were collected from Songjiang District of Shanghai by the multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Using the semi-quantitative food frequency method, the frequency and quantity of the food intake were collected from every participant in recent 3 months by household survey. Dietary quantity was analyzed by score evaluation system. The related influencing factors of food intake frequency were screened by logistic regression analysis. [Results]The dietary pattern of residents in Songjiang District of Shanghai was unreasonable. The intake frequency of cereals, vegetables, aquatic products and animal products were adequate, which the scores were above 3.5, followed by the fruits, beans, eggs and milk. According to the Chinese recommend dietary pyramid, the intake of vegetables, fruits and milk were not enough. The main influencing factors of food intake frequency included education level, gender, occupation and economic income. [Conclusion]The main problem in dietary status of residents in Songjiang District is the insufficient intake of vegetables, fruits and milk. It is necessary to carry out the nutrition education to promote the establishment of proper nutrition concepts.