2010—2013年广州市海珠区吸毒人员丙型肝炎病毒感染情况及其影响因素

Analysis of hepatitis C virus infection and its influencing factors among drug users in Haizhu District of Guangzhou City from 2010-2013

目的了解吸毒人群中丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染状况及其影响因素。方法采集广州市海珠区美沙酮门诊吸毒人员血标本用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELl SA）法检测血清中抗-HCV,同时采用问卷调查收集吸毒人员相关资料并分析。结果美沙酮维持治疗门诊492例吸毒人员抗-HCV总感染率为87.40%;未婚或离婚或丧偶者抗-HCV阳性率高于已婚者（χ^2=4.55,P〈0.05）;吸毒人员中HCV的感染与吸毒方式、时间年限有关;静脉吸毒HCV感染率显著高于非静脉吸毒者（χ^2=23.91,P〈0.01）,吸毒年限越长,HCV感染率越高（χ^2=107.60,P〈0.01）;不同年度、不同年龄及不同性别抗-HCV阳性率差异均无统计学意义（χ^2=0.06-3.67,均P〉0.05）。结论静脉注射吸毒是吸毒人员HCV感染的高危人群,HCV感染的影响因素与吸毒方式、吸毒年限有关。

[ Objective ] To leam the hepatitis C virus （HCV） infection among drug users and its influencing factors among drug users. [ Methods ] The blood samples of drug users were collected in methadone maintenance treatment clinics in Haizhou District of Guangzhou City. ELISA was applied to detect anti-HCV in serum, and questionnaire survey was used to collect the data of drug users for analysis. [ Results ] The total infection rate was 87.40% in 4920drug users of methadone maintenance treatment clinics . Anti-HCV positive rate was higher in unmarried or divorced or widowed than unmarried ones （χ^2=4.55, P〈0.05 ）. HCV infection was related with drug use, age among drug users. HCV infection rate of intravenous drug users was significantly higher than non-intravenous drug users （χ^2=23.91, P〈0.01 ）. The longer the years of drug abuse was, the higher infection rates they had （χ^2=107.60, P〈0.01 ）. The positive rate of anti -HCV was not significantly different between years, ages and genders （χ^2 = 0.06-3.67, all P〉 0.05）. [Conclusion] Intravenous drug users are the high-risk group of HCV infection. The influencing factors of HCV infection are drug taking mode, years of drug abuse.