国内外生命文化学:一个研究综述

A Survey of Life Culturology at Home and Abroad

生命是世界上最为复杂的现象之一,生命文化学以现实的、个体的生命为研究对象,是一门跨学科性、综合性较强的学科。它对于进一步理解与认识生命的意义,提升生命价值,促进与生命相关的交叉学科发展均具有重要意义,在近年来备受关注。国外最早是为了解决人类学的界定问题而产生了社会科学中的进化学派,之后又发展了基因―文化协同进化模型,其研究实质是基于生物学视角的一种拓展。近年来,国内关于生命文化学的学科界定、元理论体系的构建和研究方法的选择进行了初步探索。将国内外生命文化学的相关研究进行梳理,进而从其发展脉络提出学科未来发展的一些建议。

Life is one of the most complicated phenomena in the world. As an interdisciplinary and comprehensive subject, life culturology studies the realistic and individual life. It is important in understanding and recognizing life significance, improving the value of life and promoting the development of interdisciplinary subjects relevant to life. It has attracted wide attention in recent years. At the beginning, in order to solve the problem of defining anthropology, evolutionary school in social science came into being. Then it developed as gene-culture co-evolution model. The essence of the research is based on biology. In recent years, we have some preliminary exploration about the defining of life culturology, the construction of metatheory, and the selection of research method. This paper summarizes all the studies about life culturology, and provides some suggestions about its future development.