克鲁伦河流域典型草原植物群落微斑块植被和土壤特征分析

Analysis on the Vegetation and Soil Characteristics of Typical Steppe Community Patches in Hulun Buir Kelulun Basin

为了研究不同放牧干扰下,内蒙古克鲁伦河流域克氏针茅典型草原群落微斑块的生态特性,寻找草原微斑块与草原退化程度的内在联系,以呼伦贝尔克鲁伦河流域克氏针茅草原为研究对象,调查了该区域羊草、冷蒿和野韭群落斑块的植被和土壤特征。结果表明:羊草、冷蒿和野韭斑块都表现出了单优势种的特征,但是三类斑块的群落特征没有显著的差异,如地上生物量、Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和均匀度指数均没有显著的差异性。但是羊草斑块的物种数显著高于冷蒿和野韭斑块;相对于冷蒿和野韭,羊草叶片具有较高的叶绿素含量、NDVI和PRI,表现出羊草在放牧干扰系统中较强的适应性和耐受性;羊草斑块土壤含有较高的铵态氮、硝态氮和有效磷,而土壤有机碳含量较低。

In order to study the ecological characteristic of typical steppe community patches in Hulun Buir Kelulun basin with different grazing treatments and find intrinsic relationship between patch and degradation degree of steppe,the plant and soil characteristics of Leymus chinensis ,Artemisia frigid and Allium rarnosurn community patches in Stipa krylovii steppe in Hulun Buir Kelulun basin were investigated. The results showed that L. chinensis,A, frigida and 0 community patches were the single dominant community. However, there was no significant difference in community characteristics among the three patches, such as aboveground biomass,Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index and evenness index. The number of species in L. chinensis patches was significantly higher than that of A. frigida and A. rarnosum patches. Compared with A. frigida and A. rarnosurn,the leaves of L. chinensis had higher chlorophyll content, NDVI and PRI. It indicated that L. chinensis had stronger adaptability and tolerance in the grazing disturbance system. L. chinensis patch also had higher soil ammonium nitrogen, soil nitrate nitrogen, and available phosphorus content, and lower soil organic carbon content.